| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In the case of TLR 2 and TLR 4 , another adaptor related to MyD 88 called Mal also participates in signalling . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TRAM interacts with TRIF , MyD 88 adaptor like protein ( Mal ) / TIRAP , and TLR 4 but not with TLR 3 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TIR domain containing adaptors , such as MyD 88 , TIRAP , TRIF , and TRAM , play pivotal roles in TLR signaling pathways . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Furthermore , co immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that Btk can also interact with key proteins involved in TLR 4 signal transduction , namely , MyD 88 , Mal ( MyD 88 adapter like protein ) , and interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase 1 , but not TRAF 6 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| A dominant negative mutant ( Mal P / H ) of MyD 88 adapter like protein ( Mal ) , a protein with homology to MyD 88 , failed to inhibit LPS or IL 1 beta induced Akt activity . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The Toll interleukin 1 receptor domain containing adapter Mal ( MyD 88 adapter like protein ) is involved in Toll like receptor ( TLR ) 2 and TLR 4 signal transduction . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TIR domain containing adapter protein ( TIRAP ) / MyD88 adapter like , a second adapter harboring the TIR domain , is essential for MyD 88 dependent TLR 2 and TLR 4 signaling pathways , but not for MyD 88 independent pathways . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Three such adapter proteins have been discovered to date , and have been named MyD 88 , Mal [ MyD 88 adapter like ; also known as TIRAP ( TIR domain containing adapter protein ) ] and Trif ( TIR domain containing adapter inducing interferon beta ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| After stimulation with LPS or LTA , a 1 . 5 4 . 2 fold up regulation of TLRs ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 ) and elements of the signaling cascade ( MyD 88 , TIR domain containing adapter protein [ TIRAP ] ) was observed . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In this study , we investigated the control of apoptosis by the TIR domain containing adapter proteins MyD 88 , TIR domain containing adapter protein ( TIRAP ) , TIR domain containing adapter inducing IFN beta ( TRIF ) , TRIF related adapter molecule ( TRAM ) , and sterile alpha motifs and beta catenin / armadillo repeats ( SARM ) . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We designed a set of `` blocking peptides ' ' ( BPs ) comprised of the 14 aa that correspond to the sequences of the BB loops of the four known Toll IL 1 resistance ( TIR ) domain containing adapter proteins ( i . e . , MyD 88 , TIR domain containing adapter inducing IFN beta ( TRIF ) , TRIF related adapter molecule ( TRAM ) , and TIR domain containing adapter protein ( TIRAP ) ) linked to the cell penetrating segment of the antennapedia homeodomain . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TLR 4 induced IFN beta mRNA was MyD 88 and PKR ( double stranded RNA dependent protein kinase ) independent , but TIRAP ( Toll interleukin 1 receptor domain containing adapter protein ) dependent . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Mal ( MyD 88 adapter like ) is required for Toll like receptor 4 signal transduction . ^^^ Here we describe a protein , Mal ( MyD 88 adapter like ) , which joins MyD 88 as a cytoplasmic TIR domain containing protein in the human genome . ^^^ Mal can form homodimers and can also form heterodimers with MyD 88 . ^^^ Activation of NF kappaB by Mal requires IRAK 2 , but not IRAK , whereas MyD 88 requires both IRAKs . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These differences may be because of different signalling adapters , with MyD 88 being used by several TLRs , and the adapter MyD 88 adapter like ( Mal ) being recruited specifically by TLR 4 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These TX and TN proteins could be plant analogues of small TIR adapter proteins that function in mammalian innate immune responses such as MyD 88 and Mal . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Another adaptor , TIRAP ( also known as Mal ) , has been cloned as a molecule that specifically associates with TLR 4 and thus may be responsible for the MyD 88 independent response . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Mal and MyD 88 : adapter proteins involved in signal transduction by Toll like receptors . ^^^ Differences between signals generated by TLRs are emerging , with both TLR 4 and TLR 2 signalling requiring an additional adapter termed MyD 88 adapter like ( Mal ; also known as TIRAP ) . ^^^ MyD 88 and Mal both have a homologous Toll / IL 1 receptor ( TIR ) domain although they differ in their N termini , with MyD 88 possessing a death domain . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Structural complementarity of Toll / interleukin 1 receptor domains in Toll like receptors and the adaptors Mal and MyD 88 . ^^^ The domain is essential for signaling and is also found in the adaptor proteins Mal ( MyD 88 adaptor like ) and MyD 88 , which function to couple activation of the receptor to downstream signaling components . ^^^ Here we show that the purified TIR domains of Mal and MyD 88 can form stable heterodimers and also that Mal homodimers and oligomers are dissociated in the presence of ATP . ^^^ To identify structural features that may contribute to the formation of signaling complexes , we produced models of the TIR domains from human Toll like receptor 4 ( TLR 4 ) , Mal , and MyD 88 . ^^^ Docking studies of the models suggest that Mal and MyD 88 bind to different regions in TLRs 2 and 4 , a finding consistent with a cooperative role of the two adaptors in signaling . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The resulting predictions show the presence of one or more counterparts for the human TLR 1 , TLR 2 , TLR 3 , TLR 4 , TLR 5 , TLR 7 , TLR 8 , TLR 9 , IL 1R and IL 18R genes and one copy of the adaptor genes MyD 88 , MAL , TRIF and SARM . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We show here that the membrane bound form of ST 2 negatively regulated type 1 interleukin 1 receptor ( IL 1RI ) and Toll like receptor 4 ( TLR 4 ) but not TLR 3 signaling by sequestrating the adaptors MyD 88 and Mal . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We have recently demonstrated that the membrane bound form of ST 2 ( ST2L ) negatively regulated IL 1RI and TLR 4 but not TLR 3 signaling by sequestrating the adaptors MyD 88 and Mal . ^^^ Thus , ST 2 suppresses IL 1R and TLR 4 signaling via MyD 88 and Mal dependent pathways and modulates innate immunity . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In this study we show that SV induces IFN alphabeta gene expression normally in cells from mice with targeted deletions of the Toll IL 1 resistance domain containing adapters MyD 88 , Mal , Toll / IL 1R domain containing adaptor inducing IFN beta ( TRIF ) , and TRIF related adaptor molecule TLR 3 , or the E 3 ubiquitin ligase , TNFR associated factor 6 . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| MyD 88 adapter like ( Mal ) is phosphorylated by Bruton ' s tyrosine kinase during TLR 2 and TLR 4 signal transduction . ^^^ MyD 88 adapter like ( Mal ) is one such adapter that specifically is involved in TLR 2 and TLR 4 signaling . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We have identified and characterized a Toll interleukin 1 receptor ( TIR ) domain containing adapter protein ( TIRAP ) and have shown that it controls activation of MyD 88 independent signaling pathways downstream of TLR 4 . ^^^ We have also shown that the double stranded RNA binding protein kinase PKR is a component of both the TIRAP and MyD 88 dependent signaling pathways . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| These data identify TIRAP as a dual functioning signaling molecule and suggest the presence of a MyD 88 independent LPS signaling pathway in human endothelial cells . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TLR 4 , but not TLR 2 , agonists can induce IFN beta expression via a mechanism that requires the adapter protein Toll IL 1R domain containing adapter protein ( TIRAP ) / myeloid differentiation protein 88 ( MyD 88 ) adapter like ( Mal ) , but not the adapter protein MyD 88 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The adaptor proteins MyD 88 and TIRAP contribute to the activation of several and possibly all pathways via direct interactions with TLR 4 ' s Toll / interleukin 1 receptor ( IL 1R ) ( TIR ) domain . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TLR 4 induced IFN beta mRNA was found to be MyD 88 and PKR ( double stranded RNA dependent protein kinase ) independent , but TIRAP ( Toll / interleukin 1 receptor domain containing adapter protein ) / Mal ( MyD 88 adapter like ) dependent . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| All of the TLRs use the adaptor MyD 88 to transduce a signal ; however , two newly identified signaling molecules , TIRAP and TRIF , interact with a subset of the TLRs , suggesting a signaling specificity that may be relevant to the type of infection . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Although MyD 88 and Mal / TIRAP adapters functions downstream of TLR 4 , DC maturation and IFN beta induction are independent of MyD 88 and Mal / TIRAP . ^^^ In its structural features , TICAM 2 resembled Mal / TIRAP , an adapter that links TLR2 / 4 and MyD 88 . ^^^ Hence , in LPS signaling TLR 4 recruits two types of adapters , TIRAP and TICAM 2 , to its cytoplasmic domain that are indirectly connected to two effective adapters , MyD 88 and TICAM 1 , respectively . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Recognition of pathogens by Toll like receptors ( TLRs ) triggers innate immune responses through signaling pathways mediated by Toll interleukin 1 receptor ( TIR ) domain containing adaptors such as MyD 88 , TIRAP and TRIF . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Recent accumulating evidence has demonstrated that TIR domain containing adaptors , such as MyD 88 , TIRAP , and TRIF , modulate TLR signaling pathways . ^^^ TIRAP is specifically involved in the MyD 88 dependent pathway via TLR 2 and TLR 4 , whereas TRIF is implicated in the TLR 3 and TLR 4 mediated MyD 88 independent pathway . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Recognition of pathogens by Toll like receptors ( TLRs ) triggers innate immune responses via signaling pathways mediated by several Toll / IL 1R ( TIR ) domain containing adaptors such as MyD 88 , TIRAP , and TRIF . ^^^ TIRAP specifically participates in the MyD 88 dependent pathways shared by TLR 2 and TLR 4 , and TRAM is essential for the TLR 4 mediated MyD 88 independent pathway . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| A group of TIR domain containing adaptors ( MyD 88 , TIRAP , TRIF and TRAM ) , are differentially recruited to the Toll IL 1 receptors , contributing to the specificity of signaling . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Stimulation of TLR 5 and overexpression of MyD 88 , but not TRIF , TIRAP , or TRAM , result in p 27 degradation , which can be suppressed by dominant negative Akt and mutation of the p 27 C terminal Thr ( 187 ) site . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Furthermore , TIR domain containing adaptors , such as MyD 88 , TRIF , TIRAP and TRAM , play essential roles in TLR signaling . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The mRNA expression of many TLR related genes ( ICAM 1 , CD 14 , MyD 88 , LY 96 , TRIF , TICAM 2 , TIRAP , CD 83 , SOCS 1 , TNFAIP 3 , TOLLIP , IRAK 1 , IRAK 2 , IRAK 4 , and TRAF 6 ) was successfully detected in all of the tissues and cell lines . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We also determined that MyD 88 , IRAK , TRAF 6 , and Toll interacting protein ( Tollip ) , but not TIRAP , were involved in the TLR mediated response to P . aeruginosa in HAECs . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In TLR signaling pathways , Toll / IL 1 receptor ( TIR ) domain containing adaptors , such as MyD 88 , TIRAP , TRIF , and TRAM , have been shown to play pivotal roles . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| IL 21 weakly induced the expression Toll like receptor 4 ( TLR 4 ) and translation initiation region ( TIR ) domain containing adaptor protein ( TIRAP ) genes , whereas the expression of TIR domain containing adaptor inducing IFN beta ( TRIF ) , myeloid differentiation ( MyD 88 ) 88 factor , or TRIF related adaptor molecule ( TRAM ) genes remained unchanged . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The goal of this study was to clone and sequence the full length coding regions of bovine genes involved in TLR 4 signaling including CASP 8 , IRAK 1 , LY 96 ( MD 2 ) , TICAM 2 , TIRAP , TOLLIP and TRAF 6 and to position these genes , as well as MyD 88 and TICAM 1 , on the bovine genome using radiation hybrid mapping . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Signaling downstream from TLRs is initiated by the recruitment of adaptor proteins , including MyD 88 and TIRAP . ^^^ Here we demonstrate that TIRAP and MyD 88 have distinct functions and describe a mechanism of recruitment of TIRAP and MyD 88 to TLR 4 . ^^^ TIRAP then functions to facilitate MyD 88 delivery to activated TLR 4 to initiate signal transduction . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P58753 and Q99836 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| TIRAP ( Toll / IL 1R domain containing adaptor protein ) is an adaptor in TLR 1 , TLR 2 , TLR 4 , and TLR 6 signaling , whereas MyD 88 is an adaptor for all TLRs . ^^^ |
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