| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We have isolated the human gene ( GIPR ) and cDNA encoding the GIP receptor by a combination of the conventional screening and polymerase chain reaction procedures . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Gastric inhibitory polypeptide ( GIP ) and GIP receptor ( GIPR ) ] . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor ( GIP R ) is a member of the secretin and parathyroid hormone ( PTH ) family of seven transmembrane spanning receptors . ^^^ In this study , we explored whether such mutations in the GIP R might similarly induce constitutive , ligand independent activation of the receptor . ^^^ Mutation of the threonine at position 340 in the sixth transmembrane spanning domain to proline ( T340P ) led to agonist independent constitutive activity and exhibited a four fold increase in basal cAMP level as compared to the wild type GIP R . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor ( GIP R ) is a member of G protein coupled , seven transmembrane spanning receptors . ^^^ Recent studies have shown that elevated serum GIP level in diabetic patients may induce chronic desensitization of the GIP R , and that this mechanism could contribute to impaired insulin secretion . ^^^ The cellular basis of down regulation and chronic desensitization of GIP R is unclear . ^^^ To explore the role of the carboxyl terminus of the GIP R in mediating these processes , five truncated GIP Rs ( T 395 , T 399 , T 420 , T 431 , T 455 ) were created to delete consecutive serines from the carboxyl end . ^^^ The data suggest that chronic desensitization and down regulation of the GIP R may be mediated by similar mechanisms , and that the cysteine in the carboxyl terminus plays an essential role in regulating both processes . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Mice with a targeted mutation of the gastric inhibitory polypeptide ( GIP ) receptor gene ( GIPR ) were generated to determine the role of GIP as a mediator of signals from the gut to pancreatic beta cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| GIP dose dependently increased intracellular cAMP levels in L 293 GIPR cells , but this response was abolished ( 65 % ) by cotransfection with G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 ( GRK 2 ) , but not with GRK 5 or GRK 6 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We compared the relative incretin and nonincretin actions of GLP 1 and GIP in + / + and GLP 1R / mice using exendin ( 9 39 ) and immunopurified anti GIP receptor antisera ( GIPR Ab ) to antagonize GLP 1 and GIP action , respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Abnormal responsiveness of adrenocortical cells to gastric inhibitory polypeptide ( GIP ) in food dependent Cushing ' s syndrome suggested that adrenal expression of ectopic , overexpressed , or mutated GIP receptor ( GIPR ) underlies this syndrome . ^^^ The expression of GIPR was studied by RT PCR in human adrenal tissues from two patients with GIP dependent Cushing ' s syndrome ( adenoma , bilateral hyperplasia ) , five fetal or adult controls , one patient with Cushing ' s disease , and four patients with non food dependent cortisol secreting adenomas or bilateral hyperplasias and compared to that in normal pancreas . ^^^ Hybridization of the RT PCR amplified ribonucleic acids with the human GIPR complementary DNA showed an overexpression of GIPR in the adrenals of the two GIP dependent Cushing ' s syndrome patients compared to that in normal adrenal tissues ( 2 3 orders of magnitude ) or pancreas ( 10 fold ) ; no signal could be seen in adrenal adenomas or macronodular hyperplasia from cases of non food dependent Cushing ' s syndrome . ^^^ No mutation of the GIPR was identified by sequencing the full length receptor in GIP dependent adrenal tissue . ^^^ New alternative spliced isoforms of the GIPR were found , but are identical in GIP dependent and normal adrenal tissues . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor ( GIP R ) is a member of the G protein coupled receptors . ^^^ Recent studies have indicated that elevated serum GIP concentrations in type 2 diabetic patients might induce desensitization of the GIP R , and this mechanism could contribute to impaired insulin secretion . ^^^ GIP R and RGS 1 , 2 , 3 , and 4 complementary DNAs were cotransfected into human embryonic kidney cells ( L 293 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We conclude that GIP dependent nodular hyperplasia can progress in an asynchronous manner and that GIPR overexpression is an early event in this syndrome . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Partial characterisation of the 5 ' flanking region of the human GIP receptor ( GIPR ) gene . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Analysis of the putative promoter region of the GIP receptor gene ( GIPR ) in GIP dependent Cushing ' s syndrome ( CS ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Both GLP 1 receptor and GIP receptor knockout mice ( GLP 1R ( / ) and GIPR ( / ) , respectively ) have been generated to investigate the physiological importance of this axis . ^^^ Although reduced GIP action is a component of type 2 diabetes , GIPR deficient mice exhibit only moderately impaired glucose tolerance . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| To determine whether activation of the GIPR splice variants resulted in different cellular responses , we examined GIP effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( HUVEC ) , which contain two GIPR splice variants , and compared them with a spontaneously transformed human umbilical vein EC line , ECV 304 , which contains four GIPR splice variants . ^^^ These differences in cellular response to GIP may be related to differences in activation of GIPR splice variants . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Antisera to an extracellular epitope of the GIP receptor ( GIPR ) detected immunoreactive GIPR on rat pancreatic beta cells . ^^^ Purified GIPR antibody ( GIPR Ab ) specifically displaced GIP binding to the receptor and blocked GIP mediated increases in intracellular cAMP . ^^^ Treatment with GIPR Ab ( 1 microg / g BW ) blocked the potentiation of glucose stimulated insulin secretion by GIP ( 60 pmol ) but not glucagon like peptide 1 ( GLP 1 , 60 pmol ) in anesthetized rats . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In contrast , mice lacking the GIP receptor ( Gipr ( / ) ) fed a high fat diet were clearly protected from both the obesity and the insulin resistance . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Here , we describe a novel pathway for the regulation of GIP receptor ( GIPR ) expression within clonal beta cell lines , pancreatic islets , and in vivo . ^^^ Finally , in hyperglycemic clamped rats , there was a 70 % reduction in GIPR expression in the islets and a 71 % reduction in GIP stimulated insulin secretion from the perfused pancreas . ^^^ Thus , evidence is presented that the GIPR is controlled at normoglycemia by the fatty acid load on the islet ; however , when exposed to hyperglycemic conditions , the GIPR is down regulated , which may contribute to the decreased responsiveness to GIP that is observed in type 2 diabetes . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| However , the expression of GIP and its receptor ( GIPR ) has not been previously noted in the rat retina . ^^^ We here demonstrate for the first time the expression of GIP and GIPR in the rat retina . ^^^ And we also revealed some genetic events in the early stage of diabetic retinopathy including the de novo increment of GIP and GIPR expression in the retina . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| OBJECTIVE : We have investigated whether chronic ACTH stimulation or activation of the ACTH signaling pathway might be associated with GIP receptor ( GIPR ) expression . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Similar protective effects were found with dispersed islet cells from C57BL / 6 mice , but not with those from GIP receptor knock out ( GIPR ( / ) ) mice . ^^^ GIP treatment reduced glucolipotoxicity induced cell death in C 57 BL / 6 and Bax ( / ) islets , but not GIPR ( / ) mouse islets . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In this study , we investigated the effects of chemical ablation of GIP receptor ( GIP R ) action on aspects of obesity related diabetes using a stable and specific GIP R antagonist , ( Pro 3 ) GIP . ^^^ GIP R ablation also significantly lowered overall plasma glucose ( 1 . 4 fold ; P < 0 . 05 ) and insulin ( 1 . 5 fold ; P < 0 . 05 ) responses to feeding . ^^^ These studies highlight a role for GIP in obesity related glucose intolerance and emphasize the potential of specific GIP R antagonists as a new class of drugs for the alleviation of insulin resistance and treatment of type 2 diabetes . . ^^^ Chemical ablation of gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor action by daily ( Pro 3 ) GIP administration improves glucose tolerance and ameliorates insulin resistance and abnormalities of islet structure in obesity related diabetes . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Recently , it was demonstrated that some cases of primary adrenal Cushing ' s syndrome were secondary to the ectopic expression of non mutated GIP receptor ( GIP R ) in bilateral adrenal hyperplasias or unilateral adrenal adenomas , resulting in food dependent steroidogenesis . ^^^ Using a human multiple expression tissue array , GIP R was found to be expressed in a large number of human adult and fetal tissues , but not in the adrenal gland . ^^^ The analysis of the promoter region of human ( h ) GIP R gene revealed six consensus sequences important in regulating the reporter gene activity and capable of binding to Sp 1 and Sp 3 transcription factors . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In this study , we investigated the role of GIP in accumulation of triglycerides into adipocytes and in fat oxidation peripherally using insulin receptor substrate ( IRS ) 1 deficient mice and revealed that IRS 1 ( / ) GIPR ( / ) mice exhibited both reduced adiposity and ameliorated insulin resistance . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The pattern of receptor expression performed by RT PCR showed that while GIP R was only expressed in tumor from the responsive patient , 5 hydroxytryptamine type 4 receptor and LH R were also present in normal adrenal tissues and tissues from non responsive patients . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We studied 9 . 0kb upstream and 1 . 3kb downstream of the GIPR gene putative promoter ( pProm ) by sequencing leukocyte DNA from controls and from adrenal tissues of GIP and non GIP dependent CS patients . ^^^ In conclusion , mutations or SNPs in the regulatory region of the GIPR gene are unlikely to underlie GIP dependent CS . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Bone histomorphometrical analyses revealed that bone formation parameters in the mice lacking GIP receptor ( GIPR ( / ) ) were significantly lower than those of wild type ( GIPR ( + / + ) ) mice , and that the number of osteoclasts , especially multinuclear osteoclasts , was significantly increased in GIPR ( / ) mice , indicating that GIPR ( / ) mice have high turnover osteoporosis . ^^^ Because GIPR ( / ) mice exhibited an increased plasma calcium concentration after meal ingestion , GIP directly links calcium contained in meal to calcium deposition on bone . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CONTEXT : The mechanisms responsible for the ectopic adrenal expression of glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide ( GIP ) receptor ( GIPR ) in GIP dependent Cushing ' s syndrome ( CS ) are unknown . ^^^ OBJECTIVE : The objective of the study was to identify genes differentially expressed specifically in GIP dependent CS that could be implicated in the ectopic expression of GIPR . ^^^ CONCLUSION : This study identified an extensive series of potentially novel target candidate genes that could be implicated in the molecular mechanisms of ectopic expression of the GIPR as well as in the multistep progression of GIP dependent CS . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Semi quantitative PCR indicated mRNA expression of islet development markers ( nestin , Pdx 1 , Nkx6 . 1 , Oct 4 ) , mature pancreatic beta cell markers ( insulin , glucagon , Glut 2 , Sur 1 , Kir6 . 1 ) and the GIP receptor gene GIP R in undifferentiated ( stage 1 ) cells , with increasing levels in differentiated stages 4 and 5 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor in hamster pancreatic beta cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Hamster gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor expressed in pancreatic islets and clonal insulin secreting cells : its structure and functional properties . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor , a member of the secretin vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor family , is widely distributed in peripheral organs and the brain . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| OBJECTIVE : The molecular mechanisms responsible for glucose dependent insulinotrophic peptide receptor or gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor ( GIPR ) ectopic expression and function in GIP dependent Cushing ' s syndrome ( CS ) are still unknown . ^^^ RESULTS : GIPR mRNA was overexpressed in all GIP dependent cases . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Because aberrant GIP receptor ( GIPR ) expression has been implicated in abnormal GIP responses associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and food induced Cushing ' s syndrome , we sought to identify factors that regulate the GIPR . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Food dependent Cushing ' s syndrome : characterization and functional role of gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor in the adrenals of three patients . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The best characterized example to date is the aberrant expression of the gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor that causes ' food dependent hypercortisolism ' . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Ectopic expression of the gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor gene is a sufficient genetic event to induce benign adrenocortical tumor in a xenotransplantation model . ^^^ To answer it , we genetically engineered primary bovine adrenocortical cells to have them express the gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The Glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor ( GIPR ) is a member of the secretin vasoactive intestinal polypeptide family of G protein coupled receptors possessing seven transmembrane domains . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P09681 and P48546 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor ( GIP R ) is a member of the secretin and parathyroid hormone ( PTH ) family of seven transmembrane spanning receptors . ^^^ In this study , we explored whether such mutations in the GIP R might similarly induce constitutive , ligand independent activation of the receptor . ^^^ Mutation of the threonine at position 340 in the sixth transmembrane spanning domain to proline ( T340P ) led to agonist independent constitutive activity and exhibited a four fold increase in basal cAMP level as compared to the wild type GIP R . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor ( GIP R ) is a member of G protein coupled , seven transmembrane spanning receptors . ^^^ Recent studies have shown that elevated serum GIP level in diabetic patients may induce chronic desensitization of the GIP R , and that this mechanism could contribute to impaired insulin secretion . ^^^ The cellular basis of down regulation and chronic desensitization of GIP R is unclear . ^^^ To explore the role of the carboxyl terminus of the GIP R in mediating these processes , five truncated GIP Rs ( T 395 , T 399 , T 420 , T 431 , T 455 ) were created to delete consecutive serines from the carboxyl end . ^^^ The data suggest that chronic desensitization and down regulation of the GIP R may be mediated by similar mechanisms , and that the cysteine in the carboxyl terminus plays an essential role in regulating both processes . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor ( GIP R ) is a member of the G protein coupled receptors . ^^^ Recent studies have indicated that elevated serum GIP concentrations in type 2 diabetic patients might induce desensitization of the GIP R , and this mechanism could contribute to impaired insulin secretion . ^^^ GIP R and RGS 1 , 2 , 3 , and 4 complementary DNAs were cotransfected into human embryonic kidney cells ( L 293 ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In this study , we investigated the effects of chemical ablation of GIP receptor ( GIP R ) action on aspects of obesity related diabetes using a stable and specific GIP R antagonist , ( Pro 3 ) GIP . ^^^ GIP R ablation also significantly lowered overall plasma glucose ( 1 . 4 fold ; P < 0 . 05 ) and insulin ( 1 . 5 fold ; P < 0 . 05 ) responses to feeding . ^^^ These studies highlight a role for GIP in obesity related glucose intolerance and emphasize the potential of specific GIP R antagonists as a new class of drugs for the alleviation of insulin resistance and treatment of type 2 diabetes . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Semi quantitative PCR indicated mRNA expression of islet development markers ( nestin , Pdx 1 , Nkx6 . 1 , Oct 4 ) , mature pancreatic beta cell markers ( insulin , glucagon , Glut 2 , Sur 1 , Kir6 . 1 ) and the GIP receptor gene GIP R in undifferentiated ( stage 1 ) cells , with increasing levels in differentiated stages 4 and 5 . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor in hamster pancreatic beta cells . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Hamster gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor expressed in pancreatic islets and clonal insulin secreting cells : its structure and functional properties . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor , a member of the secretin vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor family , is widely distributed in peripheral organs and the brain . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Recently , it was demonstrated that some cases of primary adrenal Cushing ' s syndrome were secondary to the ectopic expression of non mutated GIP receptor ( GIP R ) in bilateral adrenal hyperplasias or unilateral adrenal adenomas , resulting in food dependent steroidogenesis . ^^^ Using a human multiple expression tissue array , GIP R was found to be expressed in a large number of human adult and fetal tissues , but not in the adrenal gland . ^^^ The analysis of the promoter region of human ( h ) GIP R gene revealed six consensus sequences important in regulating the reporter gene activity and capable of binding to Sp 1 and Sp 3 transcription factors . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The pattern of receptor expression performed by RT PCR showed that while GIP R was only expressed in tumor from the responsive patient , 5 hydroxytryptamine type 4 receptor and LH R were also present in normal adrenal tissues and tissues from non responsive patients . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Human gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor : cloning of the gene ( GIPR ) and cDNA . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Adrenocortical overexpression of gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor underlies food dependent Cushing ' s syndrome . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Food dependent Cushing ' s syndrome : characterization and functional role of gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor in the adrenals of three patients . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Glucose intolerance caused by a defect in the entero insular axis : a study in gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor knockout mice . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The best characterized example to date is the aberrant expression of the gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor that causes ' food dependent hypercortisolism ' . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Analysis of the putative regulatory region of the gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor gene in food dependent Cushing ' s syndrome . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Ectopic expression of the gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor gene is a sufficient genetic event to induce benign adrenocortical tumor in a xenotransplantation model . ^^^ To answer it , we genetically engineered primary bovine adrenocortical cells to have them express the gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| OBJECTIVE : The molecular mechanisms responsible for glucose dependent insulinotrophic peptide receptor or gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor ( GIPR ) ectopic expression and function in GIP dependent Cushing ' s syndrome ( CS ) are still unknown . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Gastric inhibitory polypeptide ( GIP ) and GIP receptor ( GIPR ) ] . ^^^ Gastric inhibitory polypeptide ( GIP ) and GIP receptor ( GIPR ) ] . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| The Glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor ( GIPR ) is a member of the secretin vasoactive intestinal polypeptide family of G protein coupled receptors possessing seven transmembrane domains . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We conclude that GIP dependent nodular hyperplasia can progress in an asynchronous manner and that GIPR overexpression is an early event in this syndrome . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| GIP dose dependently increased intracellular cAMP levels in L 293 GIPR cells , but this response was abolished ( 65 % ) by cotransfection with G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 ( GRK 2 ) , but not with GRK 5 or GRK 6 . ^^^ The glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor ( GIPR ) is a member of class 2 G protein coupled receptors . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| We compared the relative incretin and nonincretin actions of GLP 1 and GIP in + / + and GLP 1R / mice using exendin ( 9 39 ) and immunopurified anti GIP receptor antisera ( GIPR Ab ) to antagonize GLP 1 and GIP action , respectively . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Antisera to an extracellular epitope of the GIP receptor ( GIPR ) detected immunoreactive GIPR on rat pancreatic beta cells . ^^^ Purified GIPR antibody ( GIPR Ab ) specifically displaced GIP binding to the receptor and blocked GIP mediated increases in intracellular cAMP . ^^^ Treatment with GIPR Ab ( 1 microg / g BW ) blocked the potentiation of glucose stimulated insulin secretion by GIP ( 60 pmol ) but not glucagon like peptide 1 ( GLP 1 , 60 pmol ) in anesthetized rats . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In contrast , mice lacking the GIP receptor ( Gipr ( / ) ) fed a high fat diet were clearly protected from both the obesity and the insulin resistance . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Here , we describe a novel pathway for the regulation of GIP receptor ( GIPR ) expression within clonal beta cell lines , pancreatic islets , and in vivo . ^^^ Finally , in hyperglycemic clamped rats , there was a 70 % reduction in GIPR expression in the islets and a 71 % reduction in GIP stimulated insulin secretion from the perfused pancreas . ^^^ Thus , evidence is presented that the GIPR is controlled at normoglycemia by the fatty acid load on the islet ; however , when exposed to hyperglycemic conditions , the GIPR is down regulated , which may contribute to the decreased responsiveness to GIP that is observed in type 2 diabetes . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Partial characterisation of the 5 ' flanking region of the human GIP receptor ( GIPR ) gene . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Analysis of the putative promoter region of the GIP receptor gene ( GIPR ) in GIP dependent Cushing ' s syndrome ( CS ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Both GLP 1 receptor and GIP receptor knockout mice ( GLP 1R ( / ) and GIPR ( / ) , respectively ) have been generated to investigate the physiological importance of this axis . ^^^ Although reduced GIP action is a component of type 2 diabetes , GIPR deficient mice exhibit only moderately impaired glucose tolerance . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| To determine whether activation of the GIPR splice variants resulted in different cellular responses , we examined GIP effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( HUVEC ) , which contain two GIPR splice variants , and compared them with a spontaneously transformed human umbilical vein EC line , ECV 304 , which contains four GIPR splice variants . ^^^ These differences in cellular response to GIP may be related to differences in activation of GIPR splice variants . . ^^^ We have previously characterized the receptor for glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide ( GIPR ) in vascular endothelial cells ( EC ) . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| However , the expression of GIP and its receptor ( GIPR ) has not been previously noted in the rat retina . ^^^ We here demonstrate for the first time the expression of GIP and GIPR in the rat retina . ^^^ And we also revealed some genetic events in the early stage of diabetic retinopathy including the de novo increment of GIP and GIPR expression in the retina . . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| OBJECTIVE : We have investigated whether chronic ACTH stimulation or activation of the ACTH signaling pathway might be associated with GIP receptor ( GIPR ) expression . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Similar protective effects were found with dispersed islet cells from C57BL / 6 mice , but not with those from GIP receptor knock out ( GIPR ( / ) ) mice . ^^^ GIP treatment reduced glucolipotoxicity induced cell death in C 57 BL / 6 and Bax ( / ) islets , but not GIPR ( / ) mouse islets . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| In this study , we investigated the role of GIP in accumulation of triglycerides into adipocytes and in fat oxidation peripherally using insulin receptor substrate ( IRS ) 1 deficient mice and revealed that IRS 1 ( / ) GIPR ( / ) mice exhibited both reduced adiposity and ameliorated insulin resistance . ^^^ |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Because aberrant GIP receptor ( GIPR ) expression has been implicated in abnormal GIP responses associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and food induced Cushing ' s syndrome , we sought to identify factors that regulate the GIPR . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| Bone histomorphometrical analyses revealed that bone formation parameters in the mice lacking GIP receptor ( GIPR ( / ) ) were significantly lower than those of wild type ( GIPR ( + / + ) ) mice , and that the number of osteoclasts , especially multinuclear osteoclasts , was significantly increased in GIPR ( / ) mice , indicating that GIPR ( / ) mice have high turnover osteoporosis . ^^^ Because GIPR ( / ) mice exhibited an increased plasma calcium concentration after meal ingestion , GIP directly links calcium contained in meal to calcium deposition on bone . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| CONTEXT : The mechanisms responsible for the ectopic adrenal expression of glucose dependent insulinotropic peptide ( GIP ) receptor ( GIPR ) in GIP dependent Cushing ' s syndrome ( CS ) are unknown . ^^^ OBJECTIVE : The objective of the study was to identify genes differentially expressed specifically in GIP dependent CS that could be implicated in the ectopic expression of GIPR . ^^^ CONCLUSION : This study identified an extensive series of potentially novel target candidate genes that could be implicated in the molecular mechanisms of ectopic expression of the GIPR as well as in the multistep progression of GIP dependent CS . . ^^^ |
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| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
|
| Interacting proteins: P48546 and P09681 |
Pubmed |
SVM Score :0.0 |
| NA |
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