| Histone deacetylase 3 , a class 1 histone deacetylase , suppresses MAPK 11 mediated activating transcription factor 2 activation and represses TNF gene expression . ^^^ Results further indicated that HDAC 3 decreases the MAPK 11 phosphorylation state and inhibits the activity of the MAPK 11 dependent transcription factor , activating transcription factor 2 ( ATF 2 ) . ^^^ Therefore , our results indicate that HDAC 3 interacts directly and selectively with MAPK 11 , represses ATF 2 transcriptional activity , and acts as a regulator of TNF gene expression in LPS stimulated cells , especially in mononuclear phagocytes . . ^^^ |